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UPSC CMS Pediatrics - Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Attempt UPSC CMS Pediatrics - Pediatric Infectious Diseases under real exam conditions. Features timed computer-based test interface, textbook explanations, and detailed subject rank analytics.

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Real CBT Simulator Grid & Percentile
Duration
15 Mins
Countdown timer with review palette.
Marking Scheme
+2.08 / -0.69
Exact negative marking as per official exam rules.
Textbook Citations
Harrison & Bailey
Standard medical textbook solution references.
Target Exam
UPSC CMS
Official paper pattern & syllabus coverage.

📝 Sample Question Preview from UPSC CMS Pediatrics - Pediatric Infectious Diseases

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Question 1
A 3-year-old unimmunized child presents with a 1-week history of malaise, low-grade fever, and a sore throat. Over the last 24 hours, he developed progressive difficulty swallowing, noisy breathing, and a 'bull neck' appearance. On examination, a greyish, adherent membrane is noted on the tonsils and pharynx, extending to the soft palate. Lymphadenopathy is prominent bilaterally. Given the high suspicion of a specific infectious disease, which of the following is the most critical immediate management step, assuming airway patency is currently stable but compromised?
A. Intramuscular Penicillin G
B. Administration of Diphtheria Antitoxin
C. Tracheostomy preparation
D. Oral Erythromycin
Textbook Explanation Highlight:
The clinical picture of an unimmunized child with malaise, sore throat, low-grade fever, progressive dysphagia, noisy breathing, 'bull neck,' and a greyish, adherent membrane strongly points to diphtheria, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The m...
Question 2

A five year old girl is brought to you with history of fever for seven days associated with rash, anorexia, myalgia and petechial haemorrhages. Which of the following investigations will be most appropriate for making a diagnosis of dengue fever?

A.

Detection of NS1 antigen

B.

Platelet count

C.

IgG capture ELISA

D.

Detection of IgM antibodies for dengue

Textbook Explanation Highlight:
Severe Dengue Infection Clinical Features: Acute onset of high-grade fever. Hemorrhagic manifestations, including a positive tourniquet test. Tender hepatomegaly. Effusion in body cavities. Shock. Laboratory Criteria: Thrombocytopenia: Approximately...
Question 3

An eight year old boy was diagnosed to have P.vivax malaria and was treated with appropriate dosages of chloroquine. The fever subsided but recurred after 3 weeks. Peripheral smear was again positive for P.vivax. This child should now be treated as a case with

A.

Relapse

B.

Recrudescence

C.

Either relapse/recrudescence

D.

Fresh infection

Textbook Explanation Highlight:
Treatment Failures, Recrudescence, and Relapse in Malaria Optimal Response to Therapy: Day 1: Parasite counts are less than on day 0. Day 3: Parasite counts are
Question 4
A 9-month-old male infant presents with a 3-day history of high-grade fever, irritability, and poor feeding. On examination, he is lethargic, hypotonic, and has a bulging anterior fontanelle. Nuchal rigidity is equivocal. Lumbar puncture reveals cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with 1200 white blood cells/µL (85% neutrophils), protein 180 mg/dL, and glucose 18 mg/dL (serum glucose 90 mg/dL). Gram stain shows Gram-negative coccobacilli. Despite prompt initiation of broad-spectrum antibiotics, the infant develops hydrocephalus and severe developmental delay. Which of the following is the most likely long-term neurological sequela directly attributable to the organism causing this infection?
A. Choreoathetosis
B. Sensorineural hearing loss
C. Spastic diplegia
D. Cerebral palsy with predominantly dyskinetic movements
Textbook Explanation Highlight:
The clinical presentation (high fever, irritability, bulging fontanelle, lethargy, hypotonia) and CSF findings (pleocytosis with neutrophilic predominance, elevated protein, low glucose) are highly suggestive of bacterial meningitis in an infant. The...
Question 5
A 7-year-old boy presents with sudden onset of high fever, severe headache, photophobia, and neck stiffness. On examination, he is drowsy, and Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs are positive. Lumbar puncture reveals CSF with a white blood cell count of 350 cells/µL (80% lymphocytes), protein 90 mg/dL, and glucose 55 mg/dL (serum glucose 95 mg/dL). Gram stain is negative. An MRI of the brain shows subtle T2 hyperintensities in the temporal lobes. The child has a recent history of swimming in a freshwater lake. Which of the following is the most likely pathogen?
A. Cryptococcus neoformans
B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
C. Herpes simplex virus
D. Naegleria fowleri
Textbook Explanation Highlight:
The clinical presentation of acute meningoencephalitis with high fever, headache, photophobia, neck stiffness, drowsiness, and positive meningeal signs is consistent with CNS infection. The CSF findings (lymphocytic pleocytosis, mildly elevated prote...
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