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UPSC CMS Pediatrics - Pediatric Nutrition & Metabolic Disorders

Attempt UPSC CMS Pediatrics - Pediatric Nutrition & Metabolic Disorders under real exam conditions. Features timed computer-based test interface, textbook explanations, and detailed subject rank analytics.

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Real CBT Simulator Grid & Percentile
Duration
15 Mins
Countdown timer with review palette.
Marking Scheme
+2.08 / -0.69
Exact negative marking as per official exam rules.
Textbook Citations
Harrison & Bailey
Standard medical textbook solution references.
Target Exam
UPSC CMS
Official paper pattern & syllabus coverage.

📝 Sample Question Preview from UPSC CMS Pediatrics - Pediatric Nutrition & Metabolic Disorders

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Question 1
A 2-year-old child with severe acute malnutrition has cold extremities, weak rapid pulse, prolonged capillary refill, and impaired consciousness. If intravenous treatment is required for shock, which regimen is recommended initially?
A. Ringer lactate with 5% dextrose, 15 mL/kg over 1 hour
B. Normal saline, 40 mL/kg as a rapid bolus
C. 5% dextrose, 50 mL/kg over 15 minutes
D. Half-normal saline, 30 mL/kg over 20 minutes
Textbook Explanation Highlight:
In severe acute malnutrition, fluid overload is a major risk. WHO guidance recommends cautious intravenous resuscitation when shock is present, using Ringer lactate with 5% dextrose at 15 mL/kg over 1 hour, with close reassessment. Rapid high-volume...
Question 2

A 12-month-old baby boy weighs 4.5 kg and measures 60 cm. He has marked loss of subcutaneous fat and has no edema. What form of protein energy malnutrition does the baby have?

A.

Grade III protein energy malnutrition

B.

Grade IV protein energy malnutrition

C.

Marasmic Kwashiorkor

D.

Marasmus

Textbook Explanation Highlight:
Explanation Clinical Case: A 12-month-old baby boy weighs 4.5 kg and measures 60 cm. He has marked loss of subcutaneous fat and has no edema. Step-by-Step Interpretation Expected weight for 12 months: Approximately 9 kg (tripling of the average birth...
Question 3

A 2-year-old boy is being evaluated for the severity of malnutrition. The child weighs 7 kg and measures 74 cm in length. The expected (median) weight for height and height for age for this child are 9 kg and 86 cm, respectively. According to the WHO classification of undernutrition, which of the following is the correct category for this child?

A.

Wasted, stunted

B.

Wasted, severely stunted

C.

Severely wasted, stunted

D.

Severely wasted, severely stunted

Textbook Explanation Highlight:
Undernutrition in Children: Subgroups Underweight Defined as low weight-for-age. Weight less than minus 2 standard deviations (-2SD) from the WHO Growth Standard median for age. Possible manifestations include wasting, stunting, or both. Stunting Cha...
Question 4

Catch-up diet for treatment of severe malnutrition in children should achieve the following:

A.

Calorie 150-220 kcal/kg/d; protein 4-6 g/kg/d

B.

Calorie 125-175 kcal/kg/d; protein 4-6 g/kg/d

C.

Calorie 125-175 kcal/kg/d; protein 2-4 g/kg/d

D.

Calorie 150-220 kcal/kg/d; protein 2-4 g/kg/d

Textbook Explanation Highlight:
Management of Severe Malnutrition Prevention Follow standard practices like proper hand hygiene. Administer measles vaccine if the child is >6 months and unimmunized, or >9 months and vaccinated before 9 months. Micronutrients Use up to twice the rec...
Question 5
A 14-month-old child presents with a 2-month history of bowed legs, wrist enlargement, and delayed motor milestones. He was exclusively breastfed until 6 months, then started on pureed vegetables and fruits. He consumes very little dairy and has limited sun exposure due to living in a high-rise apartment. Physical examination shows bilateral genu varum, rachitic rosary, and craniotabes. Serum biochemistry reveals calcium 8.0 mg/dL (normal 9-10.5), phosphate 2.5 mg/dL (normal 4-6), alkaline phosphatase 800 U/L (normal <250), and PTH 150 pg/mL (normal 10-65). What is the most appropriate initial therapeutic intervention?
A. Oral calcium carbonate 500 mg daily.
B. High-dose oral vitamin D (e.g., 2000 IU/day) for 6-8 weeks.
C. Referral for orthopedic bracing to correct leg deformities.
D. Intravenous calcitriol infusion for acute correction.
Textbook Explanation Highlight:
This child presents with classic signs of nutritional rickets (bowed legs, wrist enlargement, rachitic rosary, craniotabes) and the biochemical profile of vitamin D deficiency rickets: low serum calcium (mildly), low serum phosphate, elevated alkalin...
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