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UPSC CMS Pediatrics - Pediatric Emergencies, Intensive Care & Toxicology
Attempt UPSC CMS Pediatrics - Pediatric Emergencies, Intensive Care & Toxicology under real exam conditions. Features timed computer-based test interface, textbook explanations, and detailed subject rank analytics.
Duration
10 Mins
Countdown timer with review palette.
Marking Scheme
+4.00 / -1.00
Exact negative marking as per official exam rules.
Textbook Citations
Harrison & Bailey
Standard medical textbook solution references.
Target Exam
UPSC CMS
Official paper pattern & syllabus coverage.
📝 Sample Question Preview from UPSC CMS Pediatrics - Pediatric Emergencies, Intensive Care & Toxicology
Below is a preview of sample questions included in this mock test. Launch the live simulator to attempt the complete test.
Question 1
A 4-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with a 3-hour history of sudden onset severe abdominal pain, bilious vomiting, and inconsolable crying. On examination, he is lethargic, pale, and tachycardic (HR 160 bpm). His abdomen is distended, and a sausage-shaped mass is palpable in the right upper quadrant. Rectal examination reveals red currant jelly stool. An abdominal ultrasound confirms an ileocolic intussusception. The child is hemodynamically unstable despite initial fluid resuscitation. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management step AFTER stabilizing the patient with fluid resuscitation?
A. Diagnostic laparoscopy for reduction.
B. Pneumatic reduction under fluoroscopic guidance.
C. Immediate exploratory laparotomy.
D. Administration of intravenous antibiotics and observation.
Textbook Explanation Highlight:
The patient presents with classic signs of intussusception (abdominal pain, bilious vomiting, red currant jelly stool, palpable mass) and is hemodynamically unstable. While pneumatic reduction is often the first-line treatment for stable intussuscept...
Question 2
A 6-month-old infant is brought to the emergency department after accidentally ingesting an unknown quantity of an adult-strength iron supplement. Approximately 2 hours post-ingestion, the infant developed vomiting and diarrhea. On arrival, the infant is lethargic, tachycardic, and hypotensive (BP 60/40 mmHg). Blood gas analysis shows metabolic acidosis (pH 7.18, HCO3 12 mEq/L). Initial gastric lavage was performed. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in managing this patient's iron toxicity?
A. Administration of activated charcoal.
B. Initiation of chelation therapy with deferoxamine.
C. Whole bowel irrigation with polyethylene glycol.
D. Administration of sodium bicarbonate to correct acidosis.
Textbook Explanation Highlight:
This patient is presenting with severe iron toxicity, characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, lethargy, hypovolemic shock, and metabolic acidosis. Iron is not adsorbed by activated charcoal, making option A ineffective. Whole bowel irrigation (WB...
Question 3
A 2-year-old girl is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with severe bronchiolitis requiring mechanical ventilation. She is intubated, sedated, and receiving synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV). Her current ventilator settings are: FiO2 0.5, PEEP 8 cmH2O, Respiratory Rate 25/min, PIP 28 cmH2O, Vt 100 mL. Arterial blood gas shows pH 7.28, PaCO2 60 mmHg, PaO2 85 mmHg, HCO3 24 mEq/L. Her chest X-ray shows hyperinflation and atelectasis. What is the most appropriate adjustment to her ventilator settings?
A. Increase the respiratory rate.
B. Decrease the PEEP.
C. Increase the inspiratory time (Ti).
D. Increase the peak inspiratory pressure (PIP).
Textbook Explanation Highlight:
The patient has respiratory acidosis (pH 7.28, PaCO2 60 mmHg), indicating inadequate CO2 removal. In bronchiolitis, airway obstruction leads to air trapping and increased dead space, making CO2 clearance challenging. Increasing the respiratory rate i...
Question 4
A 5-year-old boy presents with sudden onset of severe difficulty breathing, drooling, and stridor after playing with small toys. He is afebrile. On examination, he is in significant respiratory distress, using accessory muscles, and has inspiratory stridor. His oxygen saturation is 88% on room air. Auscultation reveals decreased air entry on the right side. What is the most likely diagnosis and immediate management?
A. Epiglottitis; prepare for emergent intubation in the operating room.
B. Croup; administer nebulized racemic epinephrine and corticosteroids.
C. Foreign body aspiration; prepare for rigid bronchoscopy.
D. Bacterial tracheitis; administer broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics.
Textbook Explanation Highlight:
The clinical picture of sudden onset respiratory distress, drooling (though less prominent than in epiglottitis, can occur if the foreign body is high in the airway or causing significant distress), stridor, and unilateral decreased air entry, partic...
Question 5
A 1-year-old infant is brought to the emergency department after accidentally ingesting a large amount of an unknown household cleaning product. The child is drooling, refusing to feed, and has erythema around the mouth. Respiratory rate is 40/min with audible stridor. On examination, the pharynx appears erythematous, and there are white patches visible. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial diagnostic and therapeutic intervention?
A. Perform immediate gastric lavage.
B. Administer activated charcoal.
C. Perform flexible endoscopy to assess the extent of injury.
D. Induce emesis with ipecac syrup.
Textbook Explanation Highlight:
The clinical presentation (drooling, refusal to feed, stridor, erythema, and white patches in the pharynx) strongly suggests ingestion of a caustic substance, likely an acid or alkali from a household cleaning product. Caustic ingestions cause liquef...